كتب مناهج البحث Research Methods مكتبة

هذا القسم يحتوى علي العديدمن المصادر الخاصة بمناهج البحث مناهج البحث هي طرق البحث هي الاستراتيجيات أو العمليات أو التقنيات المستخدمة في جمع البيانات أو الأدلة للتحليل من أجل الكشف عن معلومات جديدة أو خلق فهم أفضل للموضوع. هناك أنواع مختلفة من أساليب البحث التي تستخدم أدوات مختلفة لجمع البيانات. Research methods are the strategies, processes or techniques utilized in the collection of data or evidence for analysis in order to uncover new information or create better understanding of a topic. There are different types of research methods which use different tools for data collection. Types of research ( Experiments) People who take part in research involving experiments might be asked to complete various tests to measure their cognitive abilities (e.g. word recall, attention, concentration, reasoning ability etc.) usually verbally, on paper or by computer. The results of different groups are then compared. Participants should not be anxious about performing well but simply do their best. (Surveys) Surveys involve collecting information, usually from fairly large groups of people, by means of questionnaires but other techniques such as interviews or telephoning may also be used. There are different types of survey. (Questionnaires) Questionnaires are a good way to obtain information from a large number of people and/or people who may not have the time to attend an interview or take part in experiments. They enable people to take their time, think about it and come back to the questionnaire later. (Interviews) Interviews are usually carried out in person i.e. face-to-face but can also be administered by telephone or using more advance computer technology such as Skype. Sometimes they are held in the interviewee’s home, sometimes at a more neutral place. ( Case studies) Case studies usually involve the detailed study of a particular case (a person or small group). Various methods of data collection and analysis are used but this typically includes observation and interviews and may involve consulting other people and personal or public records. (Participant and non-participant observation) Studies which involve observing people can be divided into two main categories, namely participant observation and non-participant observation. (Observational trials) Observational trials study health issues in large groups of people but in natural settings. Longitudinal approaches examine the behaviour of a group of people over a fairly lengthy period of time e.g. monitoring cognitive decline from mid to late life paying specific attention to diet and lifestyle factors. (Studies using the Delphi method) The Delphi method was developed in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s in the military domain. It has been considered particularly useful in helping researchers determine the range of opinions which exist on a particular subject, in investigating issues of policy or clinical relevance and in trying to come to a consensus on controversial issues.
كتب مناهج البحث Research Methods
.